A Tale of the 2 Covenants/2 Israels (Part 1)
Abraham had 2 Sons…Same household, different mothers…
Israel after the flesh(Ishmael) First Covenant-Marriage of Flesh-law of the flesh
Israel after the Spirit(Isaac) Second Covenant-Marriage of Spirit-law of the Spirit
Gal 4:28Now we, brethren, AS ISAAC WAS, ARE THE CHILDREN OF PROMISE.
Galatians 4:22For it has been written that Aḇraham HAD TWO SONS, ONE BY A FEMALE SERVANT, THE OTHER BY A FREE WOMAN.
23But he who was of the female servant was born according to the flesh(marriage covenant 1 -flesh), and he of the free woman THROUGH THE PROMISE (marriage covenant 2-Spirit).
24This is allegorical, FOR THESE ARE THE TWO COVENANTS: one indeed from Mount Sinai which brings forth slavery, which is Hag̅ar,25for this Hag̅ar is Mount Sinai in Araḇia, and corresponds to Yerushalayim which now is, and is in slavery with her children.
26But the Yerushalayim above is free, which is the mother of us all. (ISR 98)
Now, in correlation to this passage, was a Nation born in one day using the Scripture passage of Isa 66:8 in reference to the current physical Nation of Israel established in 1948? Or rather the Nation born of the PROMISE, through Messiah, born on Pentecost when the Spirit (Promise) was given?
Romans 9:6Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. FOR THEY ARE NOT ALL ISRAEL, WHICH ARE OF ISRAEL: 7Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: BUT, IN ISAAC SHALL THY SEED BE CALLED. 8THAT IS, THEY WHICH ARE THE CHILDREN OF THE FLESH, THESE ARE NOT THE CHILDREN OF GOD: BUT THE CHILDREN OF THE PROMISE ARE COUNTED FOR THE SEED 9FOR THIS IS THE WORD OF PROMISE, AT THIS TIME WILL I COME, AND SARA SHALL HAVE A SON. (KJV)
Abraham and Sara had been promised a son by YHWH(Yahweh/LORD); however, they had decided to take matters into their own hands and had a son through Hagar, who bore Ishmael and was to be the first born to inherit. The promise, however, was not to Ishmael, but rather through Isaac. When Isaac was born, Ishmael began to persecute Isaac, and eventually both Hagar and Ishmael were cast out.
YHWH’s plan of redemption has been progressive. The Flesh came first(First Covenant/Ishmael) who was the first-born, but was never going to inherit, then came the Spirit(Second Covenant/Issac) to who the promise and inheritance came. For until Yeshua/Jesus was crucified in the likeness of sin and flesh, the Spirit could not regenerate to bring life(John 7:39); as also a foreshadowing of us crucifying the flesh, as well as the covenant after the flesh becoming void also called the law of sin and death(Rom 8:2-3) /ministry of death(2 Cor 3:7)/law of moses/law of the flesh.
To be under the law, is to be under slavery, and to be under grace, is to be purchased from slavery, to be ‘bought with a price’, redeemed, to become heirs. 
The whole purpose of the first covenant, was to show the need for a Saviour, that without the Spirit to regenerate and bring life, we would still be in sin and death. This is why when we want to effectively preach the gospel, we have to bring people to the law, to see their need for a Saviour, to then be crucified with Him.
♦Rom 7:14For we know that the law is spiritual: but I am carnal, SOLD UNDER SIN. (KJV)
♦Rom 7:25I thank God through Jesus Christ our Lord. SO THEN WITH THE MIND I MYSELF SERVE THE LAW OF GOD; BUT WITH THE FLESH THE LAW OF SIN. (KJV)
♦Gal 4:1Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; 2BUT IS UNDER TUTORS AND GOVERNORS UNTIL THE TIME APPOINTED of the father. 3Even so we, when we were children, WERE IN BONDAGE UNDER the elements of the world: 4BUT WHEN THE FULNESS OF THE TIME WAS COME, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, MADE UNDER THE LAW, 5TO REDEEM THEM THAT WERE UNDER THE LAW, THAT WE MIGHT RECEIVE ADOPTION OF SONS. 6And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father. 7WHERFORE THOU ART NO MORE A SERVANT, BUT A SON; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.(KJV)
This is why He(YHWH) stated He would be making a New Covenant(Jer 31:31-34, Heb 8:8), Not like the one He made before made at Mt.Sinai, but one made of the Spirit made from Mt.Zion(drawing near to Mt.Zion not Mt.Sinai~Heb 12:18-22).
The Flesh is what is bondage, as it is liken to Hagar/Ishmael and has to be crucified, then draw near to Him in Spirit liken to Isaac.
Romans 8:1There is, then, now no condemnation to those who are in Messiah יהושע, who do not walk according TO THE FLESH, but according TO THE SPIRIT.
2For the Torah of the Spirit of the life in Messiah יהושע HAS SET ME FREE FROM THE LAW OF SIN AND DEATH.
3For the Torah being powerless, IN THAT IT WAS WEAK THROUGH THE FLESH, Elohim, having His own Son in the LIKENESS OF FLESH OF SIN, AND CONCERNING SIN, CONDEMNED SIN IN THE FLESH,
4SO THAT THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF THE TORAH SHOULD BE COMPLETED IN US WHO DO NOT WALK ACCORDING TO THE FLESH BUT ACCORDING TO THE SPIRIT. (ISR 98)
God’s laws were or are never bondage, but the flesh becoming bound to it is and without regeneration of the Spirit it led to death (Romans 7:5-25). Which is why the First Covenant is called a Ministry of death for when the flesh becomes subject to God’s laws, it has no choice but to die.(2 Cor 3:7-11) And so through the Second(New) Covenant through the Spirit it is possible to have life(2 Cor 3:1-4).
This is why those who are slaves to their sin find the laws of God burdensome, because they refuse to crucify their flesh; likewise, obedience in the flesh still brings death. Outward disobedience with an unchanged inner man/heart accomplishes nothing but death; likewise outward obedience with an unchanged inner man/heart accomplishes nothing but death. Both lead to death, lawlessness and destruction. Only obedience through the Spirit can you have life, through an inward changed man/heart.
This is why there is no condemnation for those who walk according to the Spirit. Through the Spirit you can overcome sin and death once the flesh becomes subject to the law(crucify) bringing conviction, then restoration and regeneration through the Spirit, bringing life, and obedience to His law through His Spirit. The righteousness of the law is to be crucified with Messiah, and walking by faith, unto good works.
Now, concerning marriage.
The two covenants are treated like marriages. So, if you are married and you renew your wedding vows, is it still the same marriage? Yes. However, YHWH DID NOT renew His wedding vows with the House of Judah and the House of Israel. It was impossible to do so, as the House of Israel was divorced(Jeremiah 3:8):
♦Jer 3:8“And I saw that for all the causes for which backsliding Yisra’ĕl(Israel) had committed adultery, I HAD PUT HER AWAY AND GIVEN HER A CERTIFICATE OF DIVORCE; yet her treacherous sister Yehuḏah(Judah) did not fear, but went and committed whoring too.(ISR 98)
♦Deu 24:4 HER FORMER HUSBAND, WHICH SENT HER AWAY, MAY NOT TAKE HER AGAIN TO BE HIS WIFE, after that she is defiled; for that is abomination before the LORD(YHWH): and thou shalt not cause the land to sin, which the LORD(YHWH) thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.(KJV)
And the House of Judah eventually became a widow:
John 11:51But he did not say this from himself, but being high priest that year he prophesied that יהושע (Yeshua) WAS ABOUT TO DIE FOR THE NATION(The House of Judah),
52and not for the nation only(House of Judah), BUT TO GATHER INTO ONE the children of Elohim who were scattered abroad(House of Israel/Ephrayim).
The New Covenant was a completely New Marriage Covenant; which is why the LORD(YHWH) stated that He would make a New Covenant, of which was ratified with His own blood, becoming our Kinsman Redeemer.
Initially the two houses were one, called the House of Jacob(Israel), which included all 12 tribes, but because of a progressive disobedience the one house split into two, being called the House of Judah, which was comprised of Judah and Benjamin, and the House of Israel, which was comprised of the other 10 tribes. The House of Judah occupied the Southern part of the land, and the House of Israel occupied the Northern part of the land.
In order for both houses to be redeemed, bringing it back to one House called the House of Jacob(Israel) YHWH had to come in the flesh and die. This becomes a fulfillment of the Kinsman Redeemer and Levirate Law(of which you can read more in Passed Over, Our Kinsman Redeemer and Sandal Strap not Worthy to Loosen) So, that both houses become One in Messiah, and ALL can be Redeemed into a New Marriage:
Rom 7:1Or do you not know, brothers – for I speak to those knowing the Torah – that the Torah rules over a man as long as he lives?
2For the married woman has been bound by Torah to the living husband, but if the husband dies, she is released from the Torah concerning her husband.
3So then, while her husband lives, she shall be called an adulteress if she becomes another man’s. BUT IF HER HUSBAND DIES, SHE IS FREE from that part of the Torah, so that she is not an adulteress, having become another man’s.
4So my brothers, you also were put to death to the Torah through the body of Messiah, FOR YOU TO BECOME ANOTHER’S, THE ONE WHO WAS RAISED FROM THE DEAD, that we should bear fruit to Elohim.
5For when we were in the flesh, the passions of sins, through the Torah, were working in our members to bear fruit to death.
6But now we have been released from the Torah, having died to what we were held by, so that we should SERVE IN NEWNESS OF SPIRIT(ISAAC) NOT IN OLDNESS OF LETTER(ISHMAEL).
If this all did not take place, we ultimately could not be redeemed or allowed back into the original promised land (garden) with a restored relationship between YHWH and man, as the first Covenant Marriage, was based upon temporal requirements, to include land. This is why the covenant is NOT renewed, but NEW. It is a New marriage with a New contract, new laws that govern walking in the Spirit, the gifts of the Spirit, etc.
Hebrews 9:14how much more shall the blood of the Messiah, who through the everlasting Spirit offered Himself unblemished to Elohim, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living Elohim?
15And because of this He is the Mediator of a NEW covenant, SO THAT, DEATH HAVING TAKEN PLACE FOR REDEMPTION OF THE TRANSGRESSIONS UNDER THE FIRST COVENANT, THOSE WHO ARE CALLED MIGHT RECEIVE THE PROMISE OF EVERLASTING INHERITANCE.
16FOR WHERE A COVENANT IS, IT IS NECESSARY FOR THE DEATH OF THE COVENANTED ONE TO BE ESTABLISHED.
17For a covenant over those dead is firm, since it is never valid while the covenanted one is living.
18THEREFORE NOT EVEN THE FIRST COVENANT WAS INSTITUTED WITHOUT BLOOD.
Now, concerning the land, it was always a conditional agreement based upon covenant terms, of which the current physical nation of ‘Israel’ do not fit these terms.
From the very beginning Adam is kicked out of the land/garden (Gen 3:23-24)…why? because they broke their covenant with YHWH, and were made flesh(fleshly bodies/corrupt). Now in order to get back to the garden we have to go from Flesh to Spirit, from corruption to incorruption. This was the original plan…Yah created a Covenant of the Flesh to foreshadow the Covenant of the Spirit.
When the House of Israel was divorced (Jer 3:8), they were kicked out of the land, because it has to do with covenant agreements.
2 Kings 17:18Therefore the LORD was very angry with Israel, and removed them out of his sight: there was none left but the tribe of Judah only.(KJV)
So, the House of Israel was scattered, and the House of Judah remained in the land (they were dispersed to Babylon, but ultimately came back until the Messiah), and the only way they(The House of Israel) could come back into the land and covenant was through a New Covenant, as per Deut 24:4 once they were divorced, they could not come back into that covenant with Him. They became the lost sheep of the House of Israel(which I talk more on below). This also became the same scenario when Yeshua/Jesus was crucified as the House of Judah became a widow, and were no longer in covenant(marriage), and needed the ‘next of kin’ to bring back that restoration.
The conditional covenant agreements regarding the land is outlined throughout the Word, but especially in the whole book of Deuteronomy, as it was concerning governing laws and conditions to entering the land. Interestingly enough these same covenant terms apply today within the New Covenant, however based upon an eternal scale, and eternal inheritance, entering into the eternal promised land(Paradise/Garden):
♦Deut 4:23“Guard yourselves, LEST YOU FORGET THE COVENANT of יהוה your Elohim which He made with you, and shall make for yourselves a carved image in the form of whatever יהוה your Elohim has forbidden you.
♦Deut 4:26“I shall call the heavens and earth to witness against you on that day, THAT YOU SOON COMPLETELY PERISH FROM THE LAND which you pass over the Yardĕn to possess – you do not prolong your days in it but are completely destroyed.
♦Deut 30:16in that I am commanding you today to love יהוה your Elohim, to walk in His ways, and to guard His commands, and His laws, and His right-rulings. And you shall live and increase, and יהוה your Elohim SHALL BLESS YOU IN THE LAND which you go to possess.
17“BUT IF YOUR HEART TURNS AWAY, AND YOU DO NOT OBEY, and shall be drawn away, and shall bow down to other mighty ones and serve them,
18“I have declared to you today that YOU SHALL CERTAINTY PERISH, YOU SHALL NOT PROLONG YOUR DAYS IN THE LAND which you are passing over the Yardĕn to enter and possess.
Let this serve as a warning that if we do not hold fast to our faith, and our Covenant through Yeshua/Jesus, that we too can be spewed out of the land:
♦Lev 20:22Ye shall therefore keep all my statutes, and all my judgments, and do them: that the land, whither I bring you to dwell therein, spue you not out. (This was a foreshadow to them entering into the promised land)
♦Rev 3:15I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot. 16So then because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spue thee out of my mouth. (KJV)
As I mentioned above, and if you are at all familiar with why Yeshua said, I only come for the “Lost sheep of the House of Israel”(Mat 15:24), it was initially for those He divorced, so that they could now have the opportunity to come back…through faith in Him as the Messiah. This is why it is imperative to understand that there is, and has only been One Husband: 
Isa 54:5“For your Maker is your husband, יהוה (YHWH) of hosts is His Name, and the Set-apart One of Yisra’ĕl is your Redeemer. He is called the Elohim of all the earth.(ISR 98).
The New Covenant was ratified with the blood of Yeshua and gave the previous House of Israel the opportunity to come into a New Covenant. Isaac, Israel after the Spirit, was then born of the freewoman, according to Isa 66:8 on the day of Pentecost, or the Feast of Weeks(Shavuot). Which had both Ishmael and Isaac together in the same household; however only One was according to the Promise.
When the House of Judah’s wrath came in 70AD as prophesied by Yeshua, and Jerusalem after the flesh was destroyed, along with the temple, all were scattered out of the land, and it became desolate(or laid waste). Their judgement had come as they had already rejected their Husband, and killed him, became a widow and they lost their inheritance to the land and became out of covenant with Him. 
They were not interested in a spiritual kingdom, and wanted to take the inheritance from Yeshua, and tried to conspire against Him:
Mat 21:38“But when the farmers SAW THE SON, they said among themselves, ‘THIS IS THE HEIR. COME, LET US KILL HIM, AND LET US POSSESS HIS INERITANCE.’
39“AND THEY TOOK HIM, AND THREW HIM OUT OF THE VINEYARD, AND KILLED HIM.
40“Therefore, when the master of the vineyard comes, what shall he do to those farmers?”
41They said to Him, “Evil ones! HE SHALL BRING THEM TO EVIL DESTRUCTION, AND LEASE THE VINEYARD TO OTHER FARMERS WHO SHALL GIVE to him the fruits in their seasons.”
42יהושע said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures, ‘The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief corner-stone. This was from יהוה, and it is marvellous in our eyes’?
43“Because of this I say to you: THE REIGN OF ELOHIM SHALL BE TAKEN FROM YOU AND GIVEN TO A NATION BRINGING FORTH THE FRUITS OF IT. (ISR 98)
This was the House of Judah, as well as Old Covenant Israel as a whole(Ishmael) prophesy of destruction and removal from inheritance/land, and given to Isaac(Nation born above), as well as killing of their Husband, and becoming a widow. Their covenant was DONE, they could only come into the New Covenant by repentance and faith in Yeshua through His blood.
This is why the Kingdom of Heaven was preached, as it was an invitation back into the promised land/the garden, with a fully restored relationship with our Creator. When the Kingdom was initially preached by John the Baptist, he spoke saying “the ax is already laid at the root of the tree”, and warning the Pharisees of the “coming wrath”, and that they shall not say “we have Abraham as our father, for God is able to raise up children from these stones”. (Matthew 3)
This was speaking of the future wrath that was to come on the House of Judah in 70AD, as well as the end of the Old Covenant of the Flesh. A casting off of the dead stones and rising up of living stones, through the Spiritual SEED.
Luke 21:20And when ye shall see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that the desolation thereof is nigh. 21Then let them which are in Judaea flee to the mountains; and let them which are in the midst of it depart out; and let not them that are in the countries enter thereinto. 22FOR THESE ARE THE DAYS OF VENGEANCE(WRATH), THAT ALL THINGS WHICH ARE WRITTEN MAY BE FULFILLED. 23But woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck, in those days! for there shall be great distress in the land, AND WRATH UPON THIS PEOPLE. 24And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.(KJV)
Again, this is why the only way back to the land, to eternal inheritance, and our eternal salvation is through the only valid covenant that is currently in operation, the New Covenant. Through the shed blood of Yeshua, righteousness by faith, and repentance that produces obedience.
So, the current nation of Israel does not fit these current covenant terms as 1. the physical(temporal) land requirement was already fulfilled as Old Covenant Israel(Ishmael) was then destroyed and laid desolate 2. they as a whole reject Yeshua as the Messiah are not repentant. 3. Only those who were scattered previously that could come back into the land could only do so through the New Covenant. This did not change with those with those being scattered from 70AD.
Now, concerning the Promise.
When Yeshua said in Luke 24:49“And see, I am sending the Promise of My Father upon you, but you are to remain in the city of Yerushalayim until you are clothed with power from on high.”
He was referencing to the Promise of the Holy Spirit, which is a deposit, a down payment to the Land/Kingdom(Eph 1:14). This is why we can have access to the Kingdom through the Spirit, and the Kingdom of God can be within us.
Luke 17:20And when he was demanded of the Pharisees, when the kingdom of God should come, he answered them and said, The kingdom of God cometh not with observation: 21Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you.(KJV)
Also, over the span of the 40 days, which was during the counting of the Omer(Lev 23:15-16), leading up to Pentecost, Yeshua spoke of the Kingdom of God with the apostles, and to wait to receive the Promise.
Acts 1:3To whom also he shewed himself alive after his passion by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God: Wait for the Holy Spirit4And, being assembled together with them, commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me.(KJV)
Once Pentecost arrived, and the Spirit was poured out, this gave birth to the Nation born from above, which is Isaac the son of the Promise, born of the freewoman.
Isa 66:8“Who has heard the like of this? Who has seen the like of these? Is a land brought forth in one day? Is a nation born at once? For as soon as Tsiyon laboured, she gave birth to her children.(ISR 98)
This all correlates back to the verses I shared from the beginning, that in ISAAC thy SEED shall be called, the SEED is Messiah, and we are grafted into HIM:
♦Romans 9:6Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. FOR THEY ARE NOT ALL ISRAEL, WHICH ARE OF ISRAEL: 7Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: BUT, IN ISAAC SHALL THY SEED BE CALLED. 8THAT IS, THEY WHICH ARE THE CHILDREN OF THE FLESH, THESE ARE NOT THE CHILDREN OF GOD: BUT THE CHILDREN OF THE PROMISE ARE COUNTED FOR THE SEED 9FOR THIS IS THE WORD OF PROMISE, AT THIS TIME WILL I COME, AND SARA SHALL HAVE A SON.
♦Gal 4:28Now we, brethren, AS ISAAC WAS, ARE THE CHILDREN OF PROMISE.
It was at that appointed time during the Feast of Pentecost that the Nation of true Israel was born, through the righteous SEED of Yeshua, and the inheritance(promise) through Him.
Gal 3:6But the promises were spoken to Aḇraham, and to his Seed. He does not say, “And to seeds,” as of many, but as of one, “And to your Seed,” who is Messiah.(ISR 98)
Isaac is also called the House of Israel(Jacob) as this had brought all into a One New Man that also had brought the previous two houses into One(which I go a little more in depth in part 2), and also mentioned previously above.
Through the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, the apostles were then given instructions on the administration the New Covenant.
2 Cor 3:6And He has qualified us as ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.
Once Isaac was born, as shown previously through Abraham and Sara, and both sons dwelt in the same household, there was soon to be resistance from Ishmael. The Children of the Promise(Isaac) were then persecuted by the Children after the Flesh(Ishmael). Thus, not all Israel is Israel; which is still true to this day.
Gal 4: 27For it has been written, “Rejoice, O barren, you who do not bear! Break forth and shout, you who do not have birth pains! For the deserted one has many more children than she who has a husband.”28AND WE, BROTHERS, AS YITSHAQ(ISAAC) WAS, ARE CHILDREN OF PROMISE.
29BUT, AS HE WHO WAS BORN ACCORDING TO THE FLESH THEN PERSECUTED HIM BORN ACCORDING TO THE SPIRIT, SO ALSO NOW.
30But what does the Scripture say? “CAST OUT THE FEMALE SERVANT AND HER SON, FOR THE SON OF THE FEMALE SERVANT SHALL BY NO MEANS BE HEIR WITH THE SON OF THE FREE WOMAN.”
31Therefore, brothers, we are not children of the female servant but of the free woman.
Just as Ishmael was cast out, so also was Israel after the flesh, and the previous bride(Ishmael/bondwoman) cast out, as the inheritance was never meant to be permanent physical land, but Eternal spiritual land, built on better promises and an eternal foundation not built with human hands.
Go to Part 2 here
